knudsen



Jan. 20, 1925 C. H. KNUDSEN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE OriginaIFileci April 26 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 n M v m w W C. H. KNUDSEN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Original Filed April 26, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORN Y Reiaued Jamie, 9 2 5. I Re. 15,984 UNITED STATES P'ATENT oFFlcE.

can. 1!. 31111208331, or naooxmm, new You, assrcyoa To THE xmmsrm more com'ona'rrox, or wrmlmc'ron, DELA R a ooarona'rron or DELAWARE.

m'rmman-comnus'r'ron ENGINE.

' May 7, 919, Serial 45 part, in which Original application nled April 26, 1820,

lerial Io. 782,414.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, CARL H. KNUDBEN, a citizen of the United States, andresidirg at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and tate I of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification, such as will enable those skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. a

. This invention relates to internal combustion engines, and particularly to what are known as fuel oil engines designed to an engine of I 'compressionty, simplify the. construction of such engines thus materially reducing the cost 0 the class specified of a high which is so made as to i lnanufacture of the same; a further object being toprovide a two-cycle V-type engine having a single compression and oombudiion chamber, one of the. cylinders acting as an intake or scave r cylinder and the other as janexhaustcy in'der; a further object being to provide an eng for the purposespeclfied with means for pumpin air into the cylinders-andcrank caseso the engine to increase the pressure l of the air in said cylinders and crank cases beyond the atmospheric pressure to provide ,5 for a more perfect scavenging action; and

with them andother objects in view the invention. consists in an engine of the class and for the purpose specified which 18 efiicient in use and constructed and 0 rated as hereinafter described and claime The invention described and claimed herein is an improvement on that shown and described in a prior application filed by ine No. 295,385, and is fully disclosed in the following specification, of which the accompanying drawing forms a the separate parts of my imrovement are designated .b Ence characters in each of t 'e views, and in which:- v M r Fig. 1 is'a transverse sectional view of 'im rovedengine; Fig. 2 is a sida'view of be used for marine and similar-purposes, l andthe object'of the invention is to provide ine of the class and simple in construction and operation and I having of the cranks of the crank shaft 10 in the suitable re'fe'r-' two ofthe cylinders and crank cases ofmy' Serial No. 378,548. Renewed September 30, 1922, Serial Io. 591,086. Original I0. 1,4707, dated October 16,- l9 28. Application for reissue 11166 June 25, 1 824.

I Fig. 3 a plan view of the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2;

-Fig. 4 an enlarged detail view of the the'relative positions of the piston in the scavenger and'exhaust cylinders.

v n In Figs. 1'to 3 inclusive, I have shown two; of the cylinders and crank cases of my improved engine, but it will be understood that any number of such cylinders and crank cases may be-employed in the con struction of a complete engine, and in said figures I have shown at .10 and 11 two crank shafts of the engine, which are spaced apart other. The crank shaft 10 passes into and through a crank case 12 carrying a cylinder l3,-and the crank shaft 11 passes into-and through a crank case 14 carrying a cylinder 15. The crank cases 12 and 14 are'plae'ed in communication through a port or fif i fii '16 havingvsuitable air inlet valves tops of the cylinders 13 and 15 are closed by is. cylinder head 18 having a. combustion chamber 19 which communicates with both of the cylinders 13 and 15, and the c linder head 18 is providedwith a suitable l injeeting device adapted to be s rayed into the combustion chamber 19 illat e usual manner.

'Mounted in the cylinder 13 is a piston 21 a connecting rod 22\ sec'ured to one usual manner, and mounted in the cylinder 15; is. a piston cylinder 13 is proint'ake-ports: or passages similar to the a 26 but located at a'prede- I and extend parallel one with the 20 through which fuel' is 23 having a connecting rod 24 which connects with a crank ofthe crB-nk' pper end.with a 'plu-- which open-inwardly and lower end portion of one of the pistons termined distance above the ports or passages 26 and placed in communication therewith byan annular by-pass 28 in the wall of the cylinder 13. It will be seen from the foregoing description that when the piston 21 is in the position shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing, the air underslight pressure in the crank cases 12 and 14 is free to pass through the ports or passages 25 and 26 into in the annular by-pass 28 and into the cylinder 13 through the intake ports or passages 27,

;and thus through the cylinder head 18 and cylinder 15,

and to be discharg cylinder 15 through a plurality of annularly arranged exhaust ports or passages 29 in communlcation with an exhaust port 30 in the cylinder 15. This construction provides thoroughly clean out the cylinders-Band 15 as well as the combustion chamber 19.

The piston 23 is provided adjacent to the lower end thereof with a plurality of annularly arranged ports or passages 31,,Whi0h are shown in detail in ing, and these ports or passages open outwardly and inwardly through the piston and are so constructed as to direct the air passed therethrough upwardly into the piston 23, as indicated by the arrow w in When the the orts or passages 31 .will register with air lntake. ports or passages 32 in the cylinder 15, said ports or passages communieating with an air intake port 33.

. Mounted on one end portion of each of the crank shafts 10 and 11 are-fly-wheels 34 and 35 respectivel and mounted between the adjacent faces of said fl .-wheel is a friction disk or roller 36, whic is mounted on the shaft of an air pump device 37 supported in suitable brackets 38, which fare mounted in connection with the crank cases raised 12 and 14. The air pump device 37 may be of the. usual orany preferred form and construction and, in practice, an air ,pipe 39 is in communication with the pump device 37 and laced in communication with the air inta e port 33 of the c linder 15 as shown at 40 in-Fig. 1 of therawing.v

From the foregoing description it will seen that in the operation of the engine, the fiy-wheels 34 and 35 will operate the air pump device 3 through the friction disk or rollerv 36 to pum the air into the' crank cases 12 and 14 w en thepia ton: 23 is in its sition, or the line W15? the" *air intake ports or passages 32 of said 0 Under device increasing the pres-- sure oft e air in the crank cases 12-and 14 I beyondthe atmospheric when the pistons 21 and 23 move into the position shown in Fig. 1 a perfect scavengmg :action will be" produced and a fresh pplijed tothe c linders 13 pressure, wh ncby charge of air su and 15, which-,alr is compresse to a high ed from the time,- and this, as

a perfect scavenging action and will.

Fig. 4 of the draw Fig. 4.. piston 23 is in its raised position,

thereof in 0 pressure of air t degree in'the upward movement of the pis-- tons 21 and 23, thus producing'a hi h compression engine of the class describe I also preferably advance the crank of thecrank shaft 11 a slight degree over that of the crank of the crank shaft 10; as is diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 6, so that the piston 23 in the cylinder 15 will its downward movement open the exhaust ports or assages 29 in advance of the opening of t e intake ports or passages 27 in the cylinder 13 but. in Et he upward movement of pthe pistons 21 and 23, the intake and exhaust ports or passages 27 and 29 will be closed at ap roximately the same will be apparent, will also aid in the scaven ing action of the engine and will permit o -a thorough cleaning out of the cylinders andcylinder head. i

It will be apparent that while 'I have shown but two cylinders, or one pair of cylinders of an engine that the complete engine will'be composed of a series or predetermined number of such pair of cylinders, each pair of which will be constructed in the same manner as the single pair herein shown and described, and coupled with and operated by the crank shafts 10 and 11' in the usual manner, and as the various details of the com lete engine form no part of this invention tii 14 by a pump or similar device to increase ey have not been shown nor described, the distinctive features consisting in t e pressure of the air in said crank cases, i

and the advancement of the crank. ,on the crank shaft which'operates the piston in the exhaust cylinder and while I have shown certain details 0 construction for carrying my invention into effect, it will be understood that I am these details and various changes therein and modifications thereof may be made, within the scope of the a jpended claims, without 'departing'from t spirit of my invention or sacrificing itsadvantages.

Having fully described In invention, what 1 claim as new and destre to secure by Letters Patent, is i 1. .In an e ine, of the class described, a pair of cyliri g not necessarily limited to" ers connected by a cylinder munication with said cylinder, a crankcase at the bottom of each of said cylinders, means for plaein municmtio'n, era shafts passed through said crank cases, pistons in said cylinders and in operative connection with said crank shafts," and .means for passing air under pressure into and through one of said .pistons and cylinders, and

f the separate cylinders to increase the into the crank cases,

Said crank cases in'oom- I 2. In an en ine of the class described, a pair of cylin eis connected by a cylinder ead having a combustion chamber in communication with said cylinders, a crank case at'the bottom of each of said cylinders and in communication with each other, crank. shafts passed through said crank cases, pistons in said cylinders and in operative concrank .cylinders being provided with intake ports or passa I ex aust ports or ps, a piston last named piston and said 7 rising a pair of cylinders nection with said crank shafts, means whereby ip the upward movement of said pistons ;-air -will be sucked into said crank cases,

and means for admittin into said crank casest air under pressure rough one of said pistonswhen said piston 1s in its uppermost t piston and cylinder,

., communication with each passed through said crank cases, pistons in air pump device,

,, communication with positon.

- 3. A V-type engine of the class described com rising a pair of cylinders, a cylinder hea having a combuston-chamber placed in communication with each of said cylinders, .crank cascs at the bottom of said cylinders having a port or passage for placing said cases in communication, one of said and the other of said cylinders with mounted in said first named cylinder-and adapted to control the intake ports or passtherein, means, in said piston and said cylinder whereb air under pressure in said vcrank cases is aptedto pass throughsaid and into said cylinder above the piston through said intake ports or passages, a piston in the second named cylinder and adapted to control the exhaust ports or passages therein, and means in said by air under pressure may supplied to said crank cases through said piston in one position thereof. i v

4. An engine of the class described comprising a pair of cylinders joined by a cylinder head having a combustion chamber in communication with said cylinders, crank cases at the bottom of said cylinders, and in other, crank shafts saijzl cylinders and in o. rative connection with the cranks of sai crank shafts, fly wheels mounted on said crank shafts, an means for operating said air' pump device through said fly-wheels, means for placing said um device in communication with one o sai cylinders, and means on said cylinder and in the piston mounted therein whereby in one position of said piston-air may be forced into said crank cases by said pum device. I V r 5. An engine 0 the class described comjoined by a cyliner head having a combudion-chamber in a communication with said cylinders, crank cases'at the bottom of said cylinders and in each other,

assed through said crank eases, pistons in P r aid'cylinders and in operative connection communication with cylinder wheresure in said-crank through intake ports or with exhaust ports crankshafts said pistons'and the cylinder thereof whereby air under pressure in said crank cases is adapted to pass through said piston and into said cylinder through intake ports or passages.

6. An engine jiof' the class described comprising a pair of cylinders joined by a cylinder head having a combustion chamber in said cylinders, crank cases at the bottom of said cylinders and in communication with each other, crank shafts assed through said crank cases, pistons in said cylinders andin operative connection with the cranks of said crank shafts, flywheels mounted on said crank shafts, an air pump device, means for operating said air pump device through said fly-wheels, means for placing said-pump device in communication with the crank case end portion of. one of saidcylinders, means in sai cylinder and in the piston mounted therein whereby in one position of said piston air may be forced into said crank cases by said pump device, meansvin the other of said pistons and the cylinders thereof whereby air under prescases is adapted to pass through said piston and into said cylinder assages, and the other or first named cylin er being provided 1'05 or passages controlled by the piston mounted in said cylinder 7. An engineof-the class described-comprisi Assn of cylinders joined by a cylinde'r having a combustion chamber in communication with said cylinders, crank cases at the bottom of said cylinders and in communication with each other, crank shafts passed through said crank cases, pistons in said c linders and in o rative connection with t e cranks of sai crank shafts, flywheels mounted on said crank shafts, an air pump device, means for 0 rating said air ump device through said y'-wheels, means or placin said pump device in communication wit the crankcase end portion of oneof said cylindersymeans in and cylinder and in the'piston. mo. ted therein whereby in one ition of said piston air may] be forced into said'crank cases by said pump 15 l I the other ofaaid pistons thereof whereby air under crank cases is adapted to device, means in and the cylinders preasuremaaid pas through saidpiston and into said 0 1- e or passages, e 180,.

inder 1n means whereby I operated in advance mg, inadvanceof other or first named cylinder being provided with exhaust ports or passages controlled by the piston mounted in said cylinder, and said piston will open the exhaustports or passages in advance of the opening of said intake ports or passages.

8. An engine of the class described comprising a pair of cylinders, one of said cylinders being provided with intake ports or passages and the other with exhaust ports or passages, crank casesat the bottom of said cylinders, and in communication with each other, pistons mounted in said cylinders and adapted to control the intake and exhaust ports or passages thereof, the piston of said last named cylinder being provided with ports or passages adapted to register cylinder, means with air intake ports in said for-supplying air to said air intake ports and throughthe ports or passages in said piston to said crank cases, said first named cylinder beingprovided with auxiliary ports or passages in communication with said intake ports or passages through an annular bypass, and the piston of said cylinder being provided with ports or inwardly and outwardly therethrough d which are adapted to register with the xil-v iary ports or passages of said 0 linderw ereby air under pressure from t e crank ases is adapted to pass thro said piston into said cylinder through said intake ports or passages.

9. In an engine employing tpro c linders, having a common combustion chamber, epistons in said cylinders and twoicrank shafts, means for coupling the crank of one ofsaid crank shafts to one piston and the crank of 'the other shaft to the other piston, and the crank of one shaft being in advance of that of the other shaft whereby one of the other.

a cylinder structure havpiston is '10. In an engine,

' ing a pair of cylinders having a common combustion chamber, intake ports in one c linder and exhaust ports in the-other der, pistons in said cylinders for contro ling ports therein, independent crank shafts for said pistons, the crank of the other and said pistons beng by said'cranks .whereby one piston operated slightly in advance of the other piston in .thecylinder structure.- I

In an engine employing two crank shafts mounted in substantially parallel re- 'lation, pairs of cylinders disposed longicrank shafts passages which open \18 operated inadvance of t posed in substantia the crank of one shaft be.-.

coupled with andactuated tudinally of said sha fts, istons in said cylinders, the pistons in eac air of cylinders being operated b indepen ent crank shafts and the opposlitae y disposed cranks of said other whereby one cylinders is operated pistonin said pair.

12. In a two cycle engine, a"'cylinder structure comprising pairs of cylinders converging to. the head ends thereof-and a cornmon combustion chamber for ,the separate pair of cylinders, intake ports in onei-cylinder of each the other cylin er of each pair, the separate cylinders ports therein, two crank shaftsimounted beneath and extending longitudinally of one of the cylinders in each pair, the cranks of said shafts being coupled with and-adapted to actuate said pistons and the oppositely disposed cranks of said shafts ingone in adii cc of the other whereby the piston congdlling the exhaust ports in each p of cylinders is operated in advance of the piston controlling the intake other cylinder of each pair. I

13. In an engine, a cylinder structure comprising pairs ofc linders and common com ustion chambers or the separate pairs of cylinders, intake ports in one cylinder of each air and exhaust ports in the other cylin er of each pair istons in'the separate, cylinders and controlli two crank shafts mounted beneath "and-sixtendin longitudinally of one of. the cylinders 0 each air, the cranks of said shafts being couple with and adapted to actuate said pistons and the op cranks of said s afts being one in advance of the other whereby the piston controlling the exhaust ports in each air of cylinders e piston controllin theintake ports in the ot eac pam 14. In an engine piston in each pair of y parallel relation, oppositely diisoad cranks on said shafts bemg one in Vance of the o pistons in a dual cylinder structure coupled with said oppositely disposed cranks may be operated one in advance the-cylinder structures 1 In testimony that'I claimthe foregoing as my invention I have signed -my name, this 21st day of June, 1924.

v CARL H. KNUDSEN.

(pair and exhaust ports' in' pistons gin and "controlling the ports in the ng the ports therein,

of the other in Q one in advance of the or cylinder of I two crank shafts dis-t ther whereby two 

